WHO label | Lineage + additional mutations | Country first detected (community) | Spike mutations of interest | Year and month first detected | Evidence for impact on transmissibility | Evidence for impact on immunity | Evidence for impact on severity | Rationale for de-escalation |
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Alpha | B.1.1.7 | United Kingdom | N501Y, D614G, P681H | September 2020 | Yes (v) (15) | No | Yes (v) (5, 24) | Drastically reduced circulation in the EU/EEA following the emergence of Delta; little evidence of impact on vaccine induced immunity |
n/a | B.1.1.7+E484K | United Kingdom | E484K, N501Y, D614G, P681H | December 2020 | Yes (v) (15) | Yes (v) (16, 25) | Yes (v) (24) | Very low levels of circulation in the EU/EEA |
Epsilon | B.1.427/B.1.429 | USA | L452R, D614G | September 2020 | Unclear (21) | Yes (v) (21) | | No longer detected or detected at extremely low levels in the EU/EEA and available data indicating that vaccines and treatments are effective against such variant |
n/a | B.1.616(c) | France | V483A, D614G, H655Y, G669S | February 2021 | Detection (c) (26) | | | Not detected since 2021-04-23 (27) |
Eta | B.1.525 | Nigeria | E484K, D614G, Q677H | December 2020 | | Yes (m) (16, 28) | | No longer detected or detected at extremely low levels in the EU/EEA |
Theta | P.3 | The Philippines | E484K, N501Y, D614G, P681H | January 2021 | Yes (m) (15) | Yes (m) (16) | | No longer detected or detected at extremely low levels in the EU/EEA |
Kappa | B.1.617.1 | India | L452R, E484Q, D614G, P681R | December 2020 | Yes (v) (29) | Yes (v) (30-33) | | No longer detected or detected at extremely low levels in the EU/EEA |
n/a | B.1.620 | Unclear (b) | S477N, E484K, D614G, P681H | February 2021 | | Yes (m) (16, 34) | | No longer detected or detected at extremely low levels in the EU/EEA |
n/a | B.1.617.3 | India | L452R, E484Q, D614G, P681R | February 2021 | Yes (m) [1] | Yes (m) (16, 21) | | No longer detected or detected at extremely low levels in the EU/EEA |
n/a | B.1.214.2 | Unclear2 | Q414K, N450K, ins214TDR, D614G | December 2020 | | | | No longer detected or detected at extremely low levels in the EU/EEA |
n/a | A.23.1+E484K | United Kingdom | V367F, E484K, Q613H | December 2020 | | Yes (m) (16) | | No longer detected or detected at extremely low levels in the EU/EEA |
n/a | A.27 | Unclear (b) | L452R, N501Y, A653V, H655Y | December 2020 | Yes (m) (15) | Yes (m) (21) | | No longer detected or detected at extremely low levels in the EU/EEA |
n/a | A.28 | Unclear (b) | E484K, N501T, H655Y | December 2020 | | Yes (m) (16) | | No longer detected or detected at extremely low levels in the EU/EEA |
n/a | C.16 | Unclear (b) | L452R, D614G | October 2020 | | Yes (m) (16) | | No longer detected or detected at extremely low levels in the EU/EEA |
n/a | B.1.351+P384L | South Africa | P384L, K417N, E484K, N501Y, D614G, A701V | December 2020 | Yes (v) (1) | Yes (v) (2, 3) | Unclear (4) | No longer detected or detected at extremely low levels in the EU/EEA |
n/a | B.1.351+E516Q | Unclear (b) | K417N, E484K, N501Y, E516Q, D614G, A701V | January 2021 | Yes (v) (1) | Yes (v) (2, 3) | Unclear (4) | No longer detected or detected at extremely low levels in the EU/EEA |
n/a | B.1.1.7+L452R | United Kingdom | L452R, N501Y, D614G, P681H | January 2021 | Yes (v) (15) | Yes (m) (21) | Yes (v) (24) | No longer detected or detected at extremely low levels in the EU/EEA |
n/a | B.1.1.7+S494P | United Kingdom | S494P, N501Y, D614G, P681H | January 2021 | Yes (v) (15) | Yes (m) (35) | Yes (v) (24) | No longer detected or detected at extremely low levels in the EU/EEA |
Iota | B.1.526 | USA | E484K, D614G, A701V | December 2020 | | Yes (m) (16) | | No longer detected or detected at extremely low levels in the EU/EEA |
n/a | B.1.526.1 | USA | L452R, D614G | October 2020 | | Yes (m) (21) | | Lineage withdrawn from Pango |
n/a | B.1.526.2 | USA | S477N, D614G | December 2020 | | | | Lineage withdrawn from Pango |
Zeta | P.2 | Brazil | E484K, D614G | January 2021 | | Yes (m) (16) | | No longer detected or detected at extremely low levels in the EU/EEA |
n/a | B.1.1.519 | Mexico | T478K, D614G | November 2020 | | Yes (m) (21) | | No longer detected or detected at extremely low levels in the EU/EEA |
n/a | AV.1 | United Kingdom | N439K, E484K, D614G, P681H | March 2021 | | Yes (m) (16) | | No longer detected or detected at extremely low levels in the EU/EEA |
n/a | AT.1 | Russia | E484K, D614G, N679K, ins679GIAL | January 2021 | | Yes (m) (16) | | No longer detected or detected at extremely low levels in the EU/EEA |