I don't fully agree with the chart, but its close enough to use as beginner advice.
Here's a hopefully decent version.
3* Elemental/4* Elemental/5* Elemental refers to 3/4/5 star rarity weapons at the end of their upgrade tree. These are the top three weapons you see on the Crafting page for each weapon type. They have a Weapon Skill. Usually those with attacking skills are best, but there are niche exceptions such as using a Defense Up skill to survive the opening blast of a High Dragon Trial.
4* Void/5* Void refers to the weapons that require parts obtained from Void Battles. They have no Weapon Skill, but gain up to two passive effects.
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3* Elemental: These are weapons that even new accounts can manage to make within a week or two. They're cheap to craft, and often have pretty strong weapon skills. You can skip over these, but I found it useful to make a couple early on for my characters in Co-Op. They fall off quickly once you have access to 5* weapon drops, or start crafting 4* Elementals, but you have to actually get to that point first.
4* Elemental: These will be your strongest weapons for awhile as a new player. If you have Void Battles unlocked and can do monthly Treasure Trade, Steel Ingots are a great way to max unbind these. Until you're deep into farming Void and/or Avenue to Fortune Master, lean on these weapons but don't bother unbinding them except with Steel Ingots, or for a very important Co-Op character such as a healer for High Dragon Trials.
5* Elemental: Usually the best weapon a character can have, but you're going to need a little over two million Rupies to make just one copy, as well as some significant farming at Imperials for large Insignias and weapon tablets. Some High Dragon Trials are better done with a 5* Void weapon, but never significantly so, and in all other content a 5* Elemental is likely to be your strongest option. Twinkling Sands limit your production of these, we typically get ~7-11 of these per month and need 7 per 5* Elemental. Most players don't unbind these except with Damascus, but players who are from launch period may be unbinding them by now.
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4* Void: These are weapons that you get from an easier Void Battle, that you craft because they have a special ability that helps you farm a harder Void Battle. Currently, the only ones that are worth consideration are the ones that help you with Void Zephyr (Fire melee weapons with Dull Res for Co-Op, Fire ranged weapons with Dragon Delay Res for Solo or two-player Co-Op) or Void Agni (Water melee weapons with Scorching Air Res to not die to Agni's fire aura, Water ranged weapons with either Scorching Air Res for AI use or Skill Resistance Penetrator for Co-Op use). The rest are fairly redundant because the fights are easy enough to be brute forced with regular weapons in Co-Op, even Void Poseidon. Long story short, make these because you specifically need help clearing a Void Battle. Don't plan on using them anywhere else.
5* Void [Bane]: These come in two flavors. There's the type that says "High Dragon Bane +XX%", which you typically make for that specific fight. Void Bane weapons are entirely acceptable to use for the fight they were made for, and they serve as a cheaper way to get into High Dragon Trials without forcing you to spend limited resources on 5* Elementals. Some of them are better, some worse, but they're all viable. They have stats similar or identical to 4* Elementals, but the Bane makes up for the loss in Strength.
5* Void [Non-Bane]: Instead of a Bane, you get two passive effects, with one of them usually being "Skill Prep +50%" or "Slayer's Strength +X%". These also have stats similar/same to 4* Elementals. The Skill Prep variants are typically best in faster farming fights, where the extra burst of skills can end a fight quicker. Slayer's Strength shines in Facility Events and in the Fire Emblem Defense event, where you have a longer fight and the time to build up stacks of buffs. Xander and Karina particularly love this weapon type, as they have skills that power up off of the permanent buffs you'll be farming. These tend to make for great AI weapons, providing the AI with extra invulnerability frames for Auto Battle.
