Yes. Of course those charts published by Nvidia should be taken with a grain of salt for obvious reasons. But if you ever tried to be good with artificially capping your FPS at let's say 20 in a shooter and play for some hours and then turn them up to 60fps you would clearly see improvement. Controls and their responsiveness and the available (motion) information increase. So there's no reason to assume the benefits of higher fps/refresh rate would suddenly stop at 60fps. There might be diminishable gains the higher the fps get, so you probably won't improve that much going from 144hz to 240hz. But going from 60fps to 144hz is a huge step and me and brother, going 144hz just a few weeks ago, already noticed improved stats.
Of course it doesn't magically make you better gamer who destroys everything. As others have said, skill is still the most essential thing and can compensate for lower fps. But given the skill of you and competitor is roughly the same, the one with higher FPS/refresh rate will have the edge. So in that sense it can also compensate a bit for lower skill because it can give you that little edge that's sometimes needed and decides whether you die or get that kill.