I'm not American, not descended of American slaves, but I think a great component of the problems in the United States is the existence of an institutional and political framework that systematically perpetuates inequality, poverty, and abuse of black people by authorities and economic agents, and reparations in the form of money transfers wouldn't fix that at all. What the USA needs is a huge institutional reform that fixes healthcare, education, the pension system, the way the criminal justice system and the police work, the way the democracy itself works, the way environmental rights are protected, and a long etcetera, that all disproportionately affect black people, and really, that's what will fix things in the long term.
Things like:
-Dissolving all the existing police and starting from scratch with a federal police system that is subject to standardized and strict training and regulations and hiring policies. Have a strong internal affairs system that puts focus on the proper treatment of minorities, foster the presence of minorities in all levels of this new police.
-Making public universities affordable, inventivize black people to go through tax breaks, grants, whatever, and foster racial diversity in these universities.
-Massive criminal justice reform, harmonized at the federal level, general amnesty for prisoners of drug crimes and low level crimes, general legalization of Marijuana, much increased scrutiny of the record of convictions by race. Basically, create a new federal criminal code that's worthy of a civilized country.
-Create proper urban development policies, and proper, rational investment in disadvantaged areas. Invest in public transport for these areas, and I mean real public transport and not Hyperloop or Loop or other bullshit.
-Complete reformation of electoral laws, and the instauration of a mandatory federal ID that gives no excuses to the ID law bullshit.
What I see in the USA is a general degree of institutional failure that is unlike that of any other developed country, and that (Coincidence? I don't think so) disproportionately punishes black people. Until all those things aren't corrected, the problems will be perpetuated ad infinitum.