This is hard to articulate but bear with me.
Remember the Justice League toon where they featured Task Force X? They were the Suicide Squad in all but name, obviously.
The whole episode is from their perspective UNTIL the fight with Martian Manhunter. He then becomes the protagonist, quickly followed by the usual 'good guy' characters.
This movie reminded so much of this plot device!
What do you call it, and what other movies or tv shows have done this?
The flashback to the plane crash and the explosion flips the perspective in almost the same way, except the central character - Capt Marvel herself - remains at the centre as the protagonist.
I don't know how many other stories might have tried this without using amnesia though.
Sorry if this isn't helpful, but over the past few days I've been mentally comparing this film's plot to the theme of The Prestige, as narrated by Michael Caine:
Of course, the real Prestige is the art of show and as a film The Prestige is a self-reflective contemplation. The characters of that film are quite lifeless, like the exoskeletons of insects trapped in amber. They're like ciphers, shadows on the wall of the cave, only there to serve the platonic ideal of the theme, which is the only true living entity in the film.
The character of Vers, like the professional magicians in The Prestige, sacrifices herself to an ideal. They dedicate themselves to a life of professional deceit, she dedicates herself to becoming the ideal Kree warrior, in particular a commando, a specialist in secret operations.
It's only by following their paths that we find that these characters are themselves the subjects of manipulation. In Vers' case, the Turn is where she loses touch with the Kree. The Prestige in this trick is her rebirth as Carol, with a family. She's unravelling the magic trick imposed on her by Yon-Rogg.