I think it's worth talking about transistor density via the different processes since Switch came out, so people can understand a bit better what Nintendo and Nvidia have available to them for performance in a ~100mm² SoC.
First we will talk about Tegra X1 on 20nm, Tegra X1 is 121mm² with 2 Billion transistors which is about 16.5 Million transistors per mm², mobile parts like these sometimes leave room between the transistor for less heat at higher clocks, the actual density of 20nm is a little over 20 Million transistors/mm². It is worth noting that the density might not be as high to avoid the power leakage flaw found in 20nm, this shouldn't be an issue with newer process nodes as 3D transistors took over after this and solved that issue. I'll go with a pessimistic look at density to give us an idea of how big a difference this performance jump could be.
2015 TSMC 16nm: 28.2M/mm²
2.8 Billion transistors @100mm² SoC
2015 Samsung 14nm: 32.8M/mm²
3.3 Billion transistors @100mm² SoC
2017 TSMC 10nm: 48.1M/mm²
4.8 Billion transistors @100mm² SoC
2017 Samsung 10nm: 51.8M/mm²
5.2 Billion transistors @100mm² SoC
2018 Samsung 8nm: 61.2M/mm²
6.1 Billion transistors @100mm² SoC (Scorpio has a 7 Billion transistor SoC for comparison)
2018 TSMC 7nm: 96.5M/mm²
9.6 Billion transistors @100mm² SoC
2019 Samsung 7nm: 95.3M/mm²
9.5 Billion transistors @100mm² SoC
2020? Samsung 5nm: 127M/mm²
12.7 Billion transistors @100mm² SoC
2020 TSMC 5nm: 173M/mm² (in next iPhone)
17.3 Billion transistors @100mm² SoC
2022 3nm should offer >200M/mm2
We are looking at >6x the density for a Switch 2 at 121mm² however I think they will go with a smaller SoC, between 80mm and 100mm, for something around 10 Billion transistors.
8 core A78 and 4 core A55 as well as 1280 Cuda core GPU with tensor and rt cores should fit within the transistor and size budget with room left over on samsung's inferior 5nm process, but I think Nvidia will go with the more dense TSMC 5nm for any Tegra chip, as they can spread the transistors apart farther for cooler high clocks.
Also thought this was worth addressing. Nintendo has 1 very clear pattern over it's ~40 years in the game industry.
They innovate and then refine, in a 2 step cycle that then repeats:
NES -> SNES => N64 -> Gamecube => Wii -> Wii U => Switch
GB/C -> GBA => DS -> 3DS => Switch
They come up with something, refine it in a new product, then invent something else, it even happens in their games:
Super Mario Bros -> Lost Levels => Super Mario Bros 3 -> Super Mario World => Mario 64 -> Mario Sunshine => Mario Galaxy -> Mario Galaxy 2 => Super Mario 3D Land -> Super Mario 3D World => Super Mario Odyssey
Nintendo also circles back around to older ideas to help innovate, but there is no doubt in my mind that the successor to the Switch will be a refinement on the Switch, and yes it might have a new gimmick like Wii U or 3DS had, it will still see a linear upgrade to the current Switch. That is the one consistent pattern I've been able to see from Nintendo throughout the years.
First we will talk about Tegra X1 on 20nm, Tegra X1 is 121mm² with 2 Billion transistors which is about 16.5 Million transistors per mm², mobile parts like these sometimes leave room between the transistor for less heat at higher clocks, the actual density of 20nm is a little over 20 Million transistors/mm². It is worth noting that the density might not be as high to avoid the power leakage flaw found in 20nm, this shouldn't be an issue with newer process nodes as 3D transistors took over after this and solved that issue. I'll go with a pessimistic look at density to give us an idea of how big a difference this performance jump could be.
2015 TSMC 16nm: 28.2M/mm²
2.8 Billion transistors @100mm² SoC
2015 Samsung 14nm: 32.8M/mm²
3.3 Billion transistors @100mm² SoC
2017 TSMC 10nm: 48.1M/mm²
4.8 Billion transistors @100mm² SoC
2017 Samsung 10nm: 51.8M/mm²
5.2 Billion transistors @100mm² SoC
2018 Samsung 8nm: 61.2M/mm²
6.1 Billion transistors @100mm² SoC (Scorpio has a 7 Billion transistor SoC for comparison)
2018 TSMC 7nm: 96.5M/mm²
9.6 Billion transistors @100mm² SoC
2019 Samsung 7nm: 95.3M/mm²
9.5 Billion transistors @100mm² SoC
2020? Samsung 5nm: 127M/mm²
12.7 Billion transistors @100mm² SoC
2020 TSMC 5nm: 173M/mm² (in next iPhone)
17.3 Billion transistors @100mm² SoC
2022 3nm should offer >200M/mm2
We are looking at >6x the density for a Switch 2 at 121mm² however I think they will go with a smaller SoC, between 80mm and 100mm, for something around 10 Billion transistors.
8 core A78 and 4 core A55 as well as 1280 Cuda core GPU with tensor and rt cores should fit within the transistor and size budget with room left over on samsung's inferior 5nm process, but I think Nvidia will go with the more dense TSMC 5nm for any Tegra chip, as they can spread the transistors apart farther for cooler high clocks.
Is anyone else worried that Nintendo will somehow screw things up with their next console? A quick look at their history reveals that they really don't like simply releasing a more powerful version of the same system and adding a number to the end of it. They really want to fundamentally change how people use the system with each and every generation. Gamecube --> Wii --> Wii U. GBA --> DS --> 3DS. They always come up with a new "gimmick" they feel the need push with each new system.
I would love for nothing more than for Nintendo to release a Switch 2 - same design, same concept, fully BC with existing Switch library, with an Ampere based GPU, 8 GB of RAM, powerful ARM cores, OLED display, Bluetooth Audio, etc. But it seems like this goes against what they've been doing as a company for so long. They want to reinvent the wheel with each new generation.
Also thought this was worth addressing. Nintendo has 1 very clear pattern over it's ~40 years in the game industry.
They innovate and then refine, in a 2 step cycle that then repeats:
NES -> SNES => N64 -> Gamecube => Wii -> Wii U => Switch
GB/C -> GBA => DS -> 3DS => Switch
They come up with something, refine it in a new product, then invent something else, it even happens in their games:
Super Mario Bros -> Lost Levels => Super Mario Bros 3 -> Super Mario World => Mario 64 -> Mario Sunshine => Mario Galaxy -> Mario Galaxy 2 => Super Mario 3D Land -> Super Mario 3D World => Super Mario Odyssey
Nintendo also circles back around to older ideas to help innovate, but there is no doubt in my mind that the successor to the Switch will be a refinement on the Switch, and yes it might have a new gimmick like Wii U or 3DS had, it will still see a linear upgrade to the current Switch. That is the one consistent pattern I've been able to see from Nintendo throughout the years.
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