In March 2023, CEO Chew was
repeatedly pressed by US lawmakers on whether TikTok was Chinese.
He didn't answer the question directly, saying only that the app was not available in the country and that it was headquartered in Los Angles and Singapore.
But TikTok is ultimately owned, through a complex multi-layered corporate structure, by ByteDance, a privately owned technology giant.
The app is owned by TikTok LLC, a limited liability company incorporated in Delaware and based in Culver City, California. The LLC is controlled by TikTok Ltd, which is registered in the Cayman Islands and based in Shanghai. That firm is ultimately owned by ByteDance Ltd, also incorporated in the Cayman Islands and based in Beijing.
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Definitely.
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Chew has emphatically told Congress that ByteDance is not owned or controlled by the Chinese government.
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However, like most other Chinese companies, ByteDance is legally compelled to establish an in-house Communist Party committee composed of employees who are party members.
Zhang Fuping, the vice president and editor-in-chief of the company's Chinese operation, serves as its secretary of the party committee. The committee often holds sessions to study the party and Chinese leader Xi Jinping. One session in 2018 was joined by Zhang Yiming and his management team, according to the Beijing government.
Also, like its competitors, ByteDance has had to allow the Chinese government to take a so-called
"golden share" in one of its key subsidiaries.